<p> </p><div class="article-header" style="background-color: #fefefe; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; font-family: "Segoe UI"; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><h1 style="box-sizing: inherit; color: black; font-size: 36px; line-height: 42px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Reducing poultry feed costs with enzyme supplements</h1><div class="meta-header flex-container align-justify" style="align-items: center; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(216, 216, 216); border-top: 1px solid rgb(216, 216, 216); box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin: 0px 0px 28px; outline: none !important; padding: 5px 0px;"><div class="aout-article" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #a2a2a2; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: none !important;">09-04-2021</span> | <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" rel="tag" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #91ac26; cursor: pointer; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important; text-decoration-line: none;">Feed additives</a> | <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" rel="tag" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #91ac26; cursor: pointer; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important; text-decoration-line: none;">Article</a></div><div class="share-article" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-title="Reducing poultry feed costs with enzyme supplements" data-a2a-url="https://www.allaboutfeed.net/animal-feed/feed-additives/reducing-poultry-feed-costs-with-enzyme-supplements/" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; line-height: 32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; touch-action: manipulation;"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://free.facebook.com/mshindomedia/?ref=py_c&__xts__&_rdc=1&_rdr" rel="nofollow noopener" style="background-color: transparent; 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width: 32px;">Print</span></div></div></div><figure style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: none !important;"><img alt="Enzyme supplementation can reduce the cost of broiler feed by up to US$11 per tonnne." class="attachment-single-post size-single-post wp-post-image" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_848,h_565/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/001_351_IMG_Photo1.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_1080/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/001_351_IMG_Photo1.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_300/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/001_351_IMG_Photo1-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_1024/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/001_351_IMG_Photo1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_768/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/001_351_IMG_Photo1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_600/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/001_351_IMG_Photo1-600x400.jpg 600w" style="border-style: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none !important; vertical-align: middle;" title="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" /></figure></div><p style="background-color: #fefefe; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; font-family: "Segoe UI"; font-size: 18px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important;">Enzyme supplementation typically costs around US$?2.0 per tonne of feed. However enzyme supplementation can reduce the feed costs of broilers by up to US$?4.0 -11.0 per tonne, for layers up to US$?9.8 per tonne, and the feed cost per 1000 kg of eggs produced can be reduced by US$?21.2 per tonne.</strong></p><div style="background-color: #fefefe; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; font-family: "Segoe UI"; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Several types of enzymes are commonly used in poultry feeding programmes, either individually or in combination. Each enzyme has a specific role in feed digestion:</p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1.6; list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/">Amylase</a>: </strong>This enzyme is produced in small amounts in the body and should therefore be provided from external sources to enhance starch digestion. When this enzyme is used in the diet, there will be an around 3-5% increase in the feed energy available to the bird. It is more effective when combined with xylanase.</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/">Protease</a>:</strong> This enzyme is also produced in an insufficient amount in the body and should be provided from external sources. It acts on protein anti-nutrients found in some feed ingredients such as soybean, thus making the dietary ­protein more available.</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/">Cellulase</a>:</strong> Cellulase cannot be synthesized in the body and should also be provided from external sources. It breaks down the cellulose molecule into simple sugars such as beta-glucose or shorter polysaccharides and oligosaccharides.</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/">Phytase</a>: </strong>A proven technology used to release some of the non-digestible phosphorus and reduce the excretion of this element, thus reducing the cost of inorganic phosphorus supplementation.</li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"></p><h2 class="xms-subtitle" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.24; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Enzymes and feed economy – broilers</h2><p style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">In a study on the effect of the use of enzymes on feed costs, a blend of amylase, protease, and phytase was used in corn-based broiler feeds at 1 g/kg. The results show that these enzymes reduced the amounts of nutrients required in the diet, while maintaining live-weight gain and feed conversion at the same level as birds fed a standard diet (145 Kcal/kg reduction in ME, 4% reduction in amino acids, 0.10% reduction in total phosphorus, and 0.12% reduction in calcium), with a resulting feed cost saving of around US$ 11.00 per tonne. The addition of exogenous enzymes also appears to reduce feed costs by replacing expensive feed materials with cheaper ones. For example, it was found that adding phytase enzyme to rapeseed meal – a cheap protein source – was just as nutritious for broiler chicks as the widely-used soybean meal (rapeseed meal is about US$ 130 a tonne cheaper than soybean according to a 2014 estimate). In addition, phytase releases phosphorus from the phytate molecule in the GI tract and makes it bioavailable to the birds, thus reducing the cost of inorganic phosphorus supplementation that is needed for the development and maintenance of their skeletal system. It also minimises the amount of phytate-bound phosphorus that is excreted and hence prevents negative impacts on the environment. While common phytase is derived from various species of fungi, new generation products are derived from bacterial sources. The new-generation phytase is around 45% more effective in increasing body weight gain and around 70% more effective in improving feed conversion. These improvements are due to the superior ability of the new-generation phytase to liberate more phosphorus from the dietary phytate, in addition to its beneficial effect in reducing the anti-nutritive properties of phytate. Economically, the use of the new-generation phytase can result in a saving of about US$ 4.0-6.0 per tonne of low-quality feed.</p><table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ebeae9; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 1rem; outline: none !important; width: 506px;"><tbody style="background-color: #fefefe; border: 1px solid rgb(241, 241, 241); box-sizing: inherit; outline: none !important;"><tr style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: none !important;"><td style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0.5rem 0.625rem 0.625rem;"><a href="https://www.allaboutfeed.net/Feed-Additives/Articles/2019/9/We-are-the-worlds-engine-of-enzyme-development-467505E/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #91ac26; cursor: pointer; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; font-size: 18px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"></p><h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.24; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Interview</h2></a><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; font-size: 18px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://www.allaboutfeed.net/Feed-Additives/Articles/2019/9/We-are-the-worlds-engine-of-enzyme-development-467505E/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #91ac26; cursor: pointer; line-height: inherit; outline: none !important; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"></a>Sebastian Marten, DSM vice president Enzymes and Eubiotics: “We are the world’s engine of enzyme development”</p></td></tr></tbody></table><h2 class="xms-subtitle" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.24; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Enzymes and feed economy – layers</h2><p style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">The layers diet should be supplemented with higher amounts of enzyme compared to the amounts needed for broilers (4 g/kg or more). This is because the layers need extra enzymes in the feed to compensate for the reduced production of indigenous enzymes as they mature. There may also be unknown factors that affect the utilisation of the enzyme at advanced ages, which prompts the need for exogenous enzyme application. In a study, multiple enzyme preparations were used in corn and soybean-based diets. The diets were formulated to contain high-energy (2,753 Kcal/kg) and low-energy (2,638 Kcal/kg) and were fed to laying hens over a period of 26 weeks (from 41 to 67 weeks of age). In both cases, feed costs were reduced by US$ 9.8 per tonne and the feed cost per 1000 kg of eggs produced was reduced by US$ 21.2. Other studies have shown a significant effect on egg production, ­total egg mass, and feed conversion. It was further demonstrated that supplementation of corn-soybean meal diets with enzymes not only increases the available energy of legumes but also helps alleviate digestive disorders associated with the carbohydrate source in the diet. The improvement caused by the enzyme preparation exceeds the costs of its application, which enhances the profitability of egg production.</p><div class="contain boxed" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"></p><div class="flexslider" data-carousel="photo" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><ul class="slides" style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1.6; list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><li class="figure" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" sizes="(min-width: 47em) 50vw, (min-width: 58.75em) 59vw, 100vw" src="https://www.allaboutfeed.net/animal-feed/feed-additives/reducing-poultry-feed-costs-with-enzyme-supplements/" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_420/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/Resizes/420x315/PageFiles/70/03/30370/image%203/003_156_IMG_Photo2.jpg 420w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img,w_560/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/Resizes/560x420/PageFiles/70/03/30370/image%203/003_156_IMG_Photo2.jpg 560w" style="border-style: none; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none !important; vertical-align: middle;" title="Enzyme supplementation can lead to improved profitability of egg production." /><div class="figure__caption" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #a2a2a2; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"></p></div></li></ul></div></div><h2 class="xms-subtitle" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.24; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Potential for use of natural enzyme sources</h2><p style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Further economic advantages could be obtained when using natural sources of enzymes. Dried figs, for example, could serve as a source of natural enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, and glucanase. These enzymes can be useful in poorly digestible diets containing high levels of barley or other grains. The high viscosity of the gut contents with such diets reduces digestibility and utilisation. A study was conducted to compare the performance of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented either with artificial enzyme premixes or dried fig meal. Growth rate and feed efficiency were increased by 7% and 12%, respectively by feeding the dried figs. At the same time, water consumption and mortality were reduced by 3% and 1.8%, respectively. No information, however, is available on the effect of using dried figs in diets fed to laying hens. The cost of a dried fig diet varies from one part of the world to another but is, in all cases, less than a diet containing ­commercial enzyme preparations.</p><div class="kader" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(145, 172, 38) !important; border-left: 2px solid rgb(145, 172, 38) !important; border-right-color: rgb(145, 172, 38) !important; border-top-color: rgb(145, 172, 38) !important; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 1rem 1rem 1rem 1.5rem;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/client/q_glossy,ret_img/https://www.allaboutfeed.net/Resizes/inzet/PageFiles/70/03/30370/inzetten/004_156_IMG_WOP_Interview.jpg" style="border-style: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none !important; vertical-align: middle;" /><p class="kader-body" style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">The commercial application of enzymes as a feed additive has a history of less than 25 years. The enzyme industry today is constantly searching for new areas of application. Back in 2012 Misset published a special covering this topic.</p><p class="kader-body" style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">.................................................................................................</p></div></div>

  Reducing poultry feed costs with enzyme supplements 09-04-2021  |  Feed additives  |  Article Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Print Enzyme...

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<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div dir="ltr"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2AGqMrnv8ag/YHCa3IRCYxI/AAAAAAAAMMk/lJU4QhIR3N0VGLWEiQH46VjjiIymRakxwCLcBGAsYHQ/s550/BANDA%2BLA%2BKUKU.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" border="0" data-original-height="285" data-original-width="550" height="166" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2AGqMrnv8ag/YHCa3IRCYxI/AAAAAAAAMMk/lJU4QhIR3N0VGLWEiQH46VjjiIymRakxwCLcBGAsYHQ/w320-h166/BANDA%2BLA%2BKUKU.jpg" title="Banda Bora la kuku" width="320" /></a></div><br />Habarini wapendwa .<br /> Bila kupoteza muda banda lakuku linalofaa linatakiwa liwe na yafuatayo:-<br /><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>lizungushiwe kuta fupi ili liweza kuwakinga na upepo.</li><li>liwekwe paa ili kuwakinga dhidi ya mvua.</li><li>banda liwe na nafasi ya kutosha ili kuku waweze kutembeatembea,kunywa maji ,kula chakula,kutaga nk.</li><li>sakafu iwe imara na isiyoruhusu unyevunyevu na harufu mbaya.</li></ul> Banda liruhusu hewa ya kutosha kuingia na kutoka pia mwanga wa kutosha.<br /> Kama umeezekea bati hakikisha pawe na miti karibu na banda ili irahisishe mzunguko wa hewa maana bati huchemka sana wakati wa mchana.<br /> *Lisiruhusu jua kupenya ndani ya banda wakati wa mchana.waweza weka kuta ndefu za banda ziwe mashariki magharibi.<br /> *weka majivu ndani ya banda au tumia dawa za kuua wadudu kama utitiri,siafu,utitiri waweza tumia Akheri powder,ultra vin,seven nk<br /> *banda walau liwe na kuta fupi zenye kina cha mita 1.8</div><div dir="ltr"><br /> KUPUNGUZA MLIPUKO WA MAGONJWA</div><div dir="ltr"><br /> *Funika sakafu kwa maranda ya upana wa sentimita 5 na sambaza vizuri bandani.<br /> Safisha mara kwa mara yanapochafuka.<br /> *weka vichanja bandani ili kuruhusu kinyesi kudondoka chini.sehemu ambapo kinyesi kinadondokea pasiweze kufikiwa na kuku ,mara nyingi kinyesi hubeba vijidudu vya magonjwa.</div><div dir="ltr"><br /><i><u><b> Zingatia,</b></u></i><br /> *nafasi inayopendekezwa kwa kuku 4 hadi 6 ianzie mita moja ya mraba .<br /> Hili ni kwa ajili ya banda la kuku wakubwa miezi kuanzia miwili na nusu na kuendelea wapendwa kwa banda la kulelea vifaranga hadi muda mwingine.Mwenye ziada aongezee hapo kwenye comment .pia maoni weka hapo<br />................................................................................</div> </div>

Habarini wapendwa . Bila kupoteza muda banda lakuku linalofaa linatakiwa liwe na yafuatayo:- lizungushiwe kuta fupi ili liweza kuwakinga ...

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Ufugaji wa nguruwe I Mshindo media

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div dir="ltr"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-N_s_x-YAB7E/YHCXJwzrrKI/AAAAAAAAMMc/ZsmKQ71EeQoHXDIEogpq8SIBSbucLhS5ACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/IMG_20161029_154458.jpg" title="Nguruwe Bora" /></a></div><br />Aina/breeds tofauti za nguruwe. </div> <div dir="ltr"> 1. Duroc<br /> 2. Landrace<br /> 3. Large white<br /> 4. Saddleback<br /> 5. Pietrain<br /> Hizo ndio maarufu sana na kuna nyingine zaidi kama kuna aina ya nguruwe inapatikana brazil ambao wanakula majani kwa kuchunga na wengine wengi</div> <div dir="ltr"> Kwa mbegu hizo hapojuu zina sifa mbali mbali na zote zinapatikana hapa Tanzania. </div><div dir="ltr">Japo pure sio wengi sana na lakin wapo na kuna watu wametoa mbegu hizo kutoka SA na kuna mbegu inaitwa cambo wametoa shamba la wangwa lipo zambia na wameshazalisha kwa wengi ambao waliimport hizo lakin kwa duroc sio wengi sana lakin ndio watu wanazalisha sasa na wanauza kwa gharama kubwa kiasi ambapo gharama ya kitoto bei ya chini ni 1M.</div><div dir="ltr">..............................................................</div> <div dir="ltr"> <br /></div> </div>

Ufugaji wa nguruwe I Mshindo media

Aina/breeds tofauti za nguruwe. 1. Duroc 2. Landrace 3. Large white 4. Saddleback 5. Pietrain Hizo ndio maarufu sana na kuna nyingi...

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SIFA ZA KUKU WA ASILI NA MBINU ZA UFUGAJI I Mshindo Media

<div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2021/02/sifa-za-kuku-wa-asili-faida-na.html" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2021/02/sifa-za-kuku-wa-asili-faida-na.html" border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="512" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fIWV0gqbTJI/YCBlQh0fFmI/AAAAAAAAB5Q/LbY8IXEoQNwGuqmg9_yLrZ1O9_X_SIvpQCLcBGAsYHQ/w320-h320/kuku.png" width="320" /></a></div><b> <br />SIFA ZA KUKU WA ASILI.</b></div><div>● Wastahamilivu wa magonjwa, lakini ni muhimu wakikingwa kutokana na magonjwa ya kuku kama vile mdondo, ndui ya kuku n.k. ili kuweza kuwaendeleza. </div><div>● Wana uwezo wa kujitafutia chakula ardhini, lakini ili kuwaendeleza ni lazima kuwapa chakula cha ziada.</div><div>● Wana uwezo wa kuatamia mayai, kutotoa, kulea vifaranga na ustahamilivu wa mazingira magumu (ukame, baridi n.k)</div><div>● Nyama na mayai yake yana ladha nzuri kuliko kuku wa kisasa hivyo vina bei kubwa.</div><div>● Kwa kiasi fulani wana uwezo wa kujilinda na maadui kama vile mwewe.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>FAIDA ZA UFUGAJI WA KUKU WA ASILI.</b></div><div>● Chakula-- nyama ya kuku wa asili na mayai hutumika kama chakula muhimu cha binaadamu chenye protini.</div><div>● Chanzo cha kipato-- mfugaji hupata fedha akiuza kuku na mayai.</div><div>● Chanzo cha ajira-- ufugaji wa kuku hutoa ajira kwa jamii.</div><div>● Kuku wa asili hutumika kwenye shughuli za ndoa kama vile kutoa mahari na pia kitoweo muhimu katika sherehe.</div><div>● Gharama za kuanzisha na kuendesha mradi huu.</div><div>● Ni kitoweo rahisi na chepesi kwa wageni kuliko wanyama wakubwa kama ng'ombe au mbuzi.</div><div>Soko lipo la uhakika ukilinganisha na kuku wa kisasa kwani nyama na mayai yake hupendwa zaidi na walaji.</div><div><br /></div><div>MIFUMO YA UFUGAJI KUKU WA ASILI ( KIENYEJI )</div><div>Ipo mifumo mitatu ya ufugaji wa kuku wa asili inayotumika nchini Tanzania. Mifumo hiyo ni:</div><div>● Ugaji huria.</div><div>● Ufugaji wa nusu huria.</div><div>● Ufugaji wa ndani.</div><div><br /></div><div>UFUGAJI HURIA.</div><div>Kuku huachiwa wenyewe katika kujitafutia chakula na maji. Njia hii inatumika zaidi kufuga kuku wa kienyeji. Mara chache sana mfugaji huwapatia kuku chakula cha ziada. Kwa ufugaji huu lazima kuwe na eneo kubwa la kutosha kuku kuzunguka na kujitafutia chakula.</div><div><br /></div><div>FAIDA ZA UFUGAJI HURIA.</div><div>● Ni njia rahisi ya kufuga.</div><div>● Gharama zake pia ni ndogo.</div><div>● Kuku wanapata mazoezi ya kutosha.</div><div>● Kuku wanapata chakula mchanganyiko ambacho kinafaa kiafya.</div><div>Hasara za ufugaji huria.</div><div>● Kuku huwa hatarini kuibiwa au kudhurika na wanyama wakali na hali mbaya ya hewa.</div><div>● Ukuaji wa kuku una kuwa hafifu, hufikia uzito wa kilo 1.2 baada ya mwaka.</div><div>● Ni rahisi kuambukizwa magonjwa.</div><div><br /></div><div>KUFUGA NUSU NDANI-NUSU NJE.</div><div>Huu ni mtindo wa kufuga ambapo kuku wanakuwa na banda lililounganishwa na uzio kwa upande wa mbele. Hapa kuku wanaweza kushinda ndani ya banda wakiwa ndani ya uzio.</div><div>● Wakati wa mchana kuku wanakuwa huru kushinda ndani ya banda hasa wanapotaka kutaga na wakati wa kuatamia au wanaweza kukaa ndani ya uzio nje.</div><div>Faida za kufuga nusu ndani nusu nje.</div><div>● Kuku wanakuwa salama mbali na maaduni kama mwewe n.k.</div><div>● Utaweza kuwalisha kuku wako vizuri hivyo wataweza kuongeza uzalishaji wa mayai, kuongezeka kilo na watakua haraka.</div><div>● Itakuwa rahisi kwako kudhibiti wadudu na vimelea vinavyoweza kuleta magonjwa kwa kuku wako.</div><div>● Ni rahisi kuwatenganisha kuku katika makundi tofauti na kuwahudumia ipasavyo.</div><div>● Ni rahisi kutambua kuku wagonjwa kuliko kufuga huria.</div><div>● Kuku watapata mwanga wa jua wa kutosha pamoja na hewa safi. Wakati wa jua kali watakuwa huru kuingia ndani ya banda na kukaa kivulini.</div><div><br /></div><div>KUFUGA NDANI YA BANDA TU.</div><div>Njia nyingine ni kuwafuga kuku ndani ya banda tu. Katika njia hii kuku hukaa ndani wakati wote. Njia hii ya ufugaji hutumiwa zaidi na wafugaji wa kuku wa kisasa. Lakini yaweza kuyumika hata kwa kuku wa kienyeji hasa katika sehemu yenye uhaba wa eneo.</div><div>Changamoto za ugaji wa ndani ya banda tu.</div><div>● Unatakiwa uwe na muda wa kutosha wa kuwahudumia kuku wako kikamilifu.</div><div>● Pia unatakiwa kuwa na mtaji mkubwa wa kujenga banda na kuwanunulia chakula.</div><div>● Ugonjwa ukiingia ni rahisi kuambikizana. Vilevile kuku huanza tabia mbaya ya kudonoana n.k.</div><div>Faida za kufuga ndani tu.</div><div>● Ni rahisi kutambua na kudhibiti magonjwa.</div><div>● Ni rahisi kudhibiti upotevu wa kuku, mayai na vifaranga.</div><div>● Ni rahisi kuwapatia chakula kulingana na mahitaji ya kila kundi.</div><div><br /></div><div>NI UFUGAJI UPI UNAFAA ZAIDI ?</div><div>● Kwa ujumla, njia rahisi na inayopendekezwa kutumiwa na mfugaji wa kawaida ni ya ufugaji wa nusu ndani nusu nje, yaani nusu huria. Hii inatokana na faida zake kama zilivyoainishwa hapo</div><div>........................................................................................................................................</div>

SIFA ZA KUKU WA ASILI NA MBINU ZA UFUGAJI I Mshindo Media

  SIFA ZA KUKU WA ASILI. ● Wastahamilivu wa magonjwa, lakini ni muhimu wakikingwa kutokana na magonjwa ya kuku kama vile mdondo, ndui ya kuk...

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Magonjwa ya ng'ombe I Mshindo Media

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="appyet_title appyet_title_read" style="background-color: white; color: #888888; font-family: AppYet-Condensed-Sans; font-size: 22px; line-height: 28px; margin-top: 15px; max-width: 100%; width: auto;">Jikumbushe hapa</div> <div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center; width: auto;"> <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/12/magonjwa-ya-ngombe-i-mshindo-media.html" style="color: #4272db; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/12/magonjwa-ya-ngombe-i-mshindo-media.html" height="186" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vkfHopX5ftI/WRipnsdRNMI/AAAAAAAA_SA/jUivoIVIxLYsIC2DalzNbo_JSod82mzHwCLcB/w400-h186/Ascaris-03.jpg" style="display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; width: auto;" width="400" /></a></div> <span class="appyet_article" face="AppYet-Regular-Sans" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">Ndugu mkulima na mfugaji, leo napenda tujulishane na kukumbushana kuhusu baadhi ya magonjwa ya ng'ombe. Leo tutaangalia na kujadili aina moja ya gonjwa kati ya magonjwa mawili ambayo nimepanga kuzungumza nawe.</span><br style="line-height: 0px;" /><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><b style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">I. <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/12/magonjwa-ya-ngombe-i-mshindo-media.html">MINYOO YA NG'OMBE</a>.</b><br style="line-height: 0px;" /><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">Ugonjwa wa minyoo husababisha hasara kwa mfugaji wa ng'ombe . Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa ng'ombe wengi wanaathirika na minyoo hiyo hupunguza uzalishaji. Aidha utafiti unaonyesha kuwa tatizo la minyoo kwa ng'ombe limeenea hapa nchini kwetu.</span><br style="line-height: 0px;" /><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><b style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">(i) AINA ZA MINYOO.</b><br style="line-height: 0px;" /><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">Minyoo inayoathiri ng'ombe imegawanyika katika makundi mbalimbali kama ifuatavyo;</span><br style="line-height: 0px;" /></span><br /> <ol style="background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Minyoo inayoishia kwenye maini ya ng'ombe (liverflukes).</li> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Minyoo inayoishia kwenye mapafu (lungworms).</li> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Minyoo mikubwa ya mviringo (large roundworms).</li> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Minyoo midogo ya mviringo (small roundworms).</li> </ol> <span class="appyet_article" face="AppYet-Regular-Sans" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><b style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><br style="line-height: 0px;" /></b><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;"></span><b style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Dalili za ng'ombe mwenye tatizo la minyoo.</b><br style="line-height: 0px;" /></span><br /> <ul style="background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px 2.5em;"> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Kupoteza uzito</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Kukosa hamu ya kula</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Kuhara</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Kupungukiwa na damu</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Kuwa na homa</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Afya yake kufifia na hatimaye kufa</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">- Tumbo kuwa kubwa kupita kiasi (ndama).</li> </ul> <span class="appyet_article" face="AppYet-Regular-Sans" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><b style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Namna ya kuthibiti.</b><br style="line-height: 0px;" /><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">Wanyama wapewe dawa za kutibu minyoo mara kwa mara.</span><br style="line-height: 0px;" /><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">Mfano:</span><br style="line-height: 0px;" /></span><br /> <ul style="background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px 2.5em;"> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">NILZAN</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">NILVERM</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">PIPERAZINE</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">ANACUR</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">THIABENDAZOLE</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">YOMESAN</li> <li style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">OXYDOZIDENE</li> </ul> <span class="appyet_article" face="AppYet-Regular-Sans" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><b style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/12/magonjwa-ya-ngombe-i-mshindo-media.html">Madhara ya minyoo</a>.</b><br style="line-height: 0px;" /></span><br /> <ol style="background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Husababisha upungufu wa damu.</li> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Husababisha upungufu wa maziwa.</li> <li style="list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Ng'ombe huweza kufa.</li> </ol> <span class="appyet_article" face="AppYet-Regular-Sans" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><br style="color: #777777; font-family: montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0px;" /><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">Unataka kujua ni magonjwa gani mengi ambayo huathiri ng'ombe kwa kiwango kikubwa? Usikose kusoma hapa tena siku ya kesho.</span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span class="appyet_article" face="AppYet-Regular-Sans" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span face="montserrat, sans-serif" style="color: #777777; font-size: 14px;">....................................................................................................</span></span></div>

Magonjwa ya ng'ombe I Mshindo Media

Jikumbushe hapa Ndugu mkulima na mfugaji, leo napenda tujulishane na kukumbushana kuhusu baadhi ya magonjwa ya ng'ombe. Leo tutaanga...

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LISHE YA KUKU NA KUCHANGANYA CHAKULA I Mshindo media

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <h3 class="post-title entry-title"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></b></a><b><span lang="ES-TRAD"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;"></a><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oVLIjs61kME/X6c0JwZNImI/AAAAAAAABGg/tno9vV5U2DIhMbwR2Z9G8tSOHr5eBjmhACLcBGAsYHQ/s1280/chakula%2Bcha%2Bkuku3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com" border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oVLIjs61kME/X6c0JwZNImI/AAAAAAAABGg/tno9vV5U2DIhMbwR2Z9G8tSOHr5eBjmhACLcBGAsYHQ/w320-h180/chakula%2Bcha%2Bkuku3.jpg" title="LISHE YA KUKU NA KUCHANGANYA CHAKULA I Mshindo media" width="320" /></a></div><br /></span></b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/">LISHE YA KUKU</a>:</span></b></h3> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">Ili kuku waweze kuishi, kukua vizuri, kunenepa na kutaga mayai mengi ni lazima wale chakula kingi na chenye ubora unaotakiwa. Uwingi na ubora wa </span><span lang="EN-GB">lishe ya kuku unaweza kuainishwa katika makundi ya vyakula kama ifuatavyo:</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">1.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">Vyakula vya kutia nguvu</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">2.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">Vyakula vya kujenga mwili</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">3.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Vyakula vya kuimarisha mifupa</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">4.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Vyakula vya kulinda mwili</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">5.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Maji.</span></span></span></div> <h2 style="line-height: 33px; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">Makundi ya </span><span lang="EN-GB">vyakula:</span></span></h2> <ol start="5" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1"><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1"> <li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><u><span lang="EN-GB">Vyakula vya kutia nguvu:</span></u></b><span lang="EN-GB"></span></span></span></li> </ol> </ol> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Vyakula vya mifugo vifuatavyo vinawekwa katika kundi hili;</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PL">a.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span lang="PL">Pumba za mahindi, pumba laini za mpunga, na, pumba laini za ngano.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PL">b.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="PL">Nafaka kama vile mtama , chenga za mahindi ,chenga za mchele, uwele , na ulezi</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">c.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Mimea ya mizizi kama vile muhogo, viazi vitamu na magimbi. Kabla ya kulisha kuku hakikisha mizizi hiyo inalowekwa kwa muda wa saa moja au kupikwa kabla ya kukausha ili kuondoa sumu ambayo kwa asili imo katika vyakula vya aina hii.Inashauriwa kuwa  mizizi hiyo ilishwe kwa kiasi cha asilimia 10% ya chakula chote anacholishwa kuku.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> Katika kundi hili la kutia nguvu ,vyakula vya mafuta kama vile mafuta ya kutoka kwenye vyakula vya mafuta kama mashudu ya mimea ya mafuta, mafuta ya samaki husaidia kuongeza nguvu na joto mwilini. Vyakula vya kutia nishati huchangia asilimia 60-70 ya mchanganyiko wote wa chakula.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span lang="PT-BR">1.<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span lang="PT-BR">  <u>Vyakula vya kujenga mwili:</u></span></b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Mashudu :Haya ni makapi ya mbegu za mimea aina ya mikunde na vyakula v vinavyotoa mafuta kama vile alizeti, mawese, karanga, soya ,korosho, na ufuta .</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Damu ya wanyama iliyokaushwa (waliochinjwa na kukaguliwa), hii inafanywa ili kuepusha uwezekano wa kuku kupata magonjwa ya kuambukiza .</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Mabaki ya samaki ya samaki/dagaa na nyama.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Vyakula asilia kama vile minyoo, mayai ya mchwa, Masalia ya nyama toka kwenye ngozi/mifupa, wadudu walioteshwa kutokana na damu au nyama iliyooza na vyakula vya aina nyingine.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Vyakula hivi huchangia asilimia 20 hadi 30% ya mchanganyiko wote wa chakula cha kuku.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>2.</b>   <b><u>Vyakula vya kuimarisha mifupa(madini): </u></b>a)Hivi ni vyakula vya madini ambavyo huhitajika kwa ajili ya kujenga mifupa, maganda ya mayai, kukua na kuuweka mwili wa ndege (kuku) katika hali ya afya njema kwa ujumla.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="FI">b)<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span lang="FI">Madini ya muhimu ni madini ya chokaa (calcium) na fosiforasi (phosphorus). Ili kuku watage mayai yenye ganda gumu ni lazima wapate madini ya chokaa maganda ya konokono na mayai yaliyosagwa vizuri. Lakini inapendekezwa kwamba unapoongeza madini ya fosforasi inakubidi uongeze pia madini ya chokaa kadri inavyopasa ,kwasababu kiwango cha aina moja kikizidi kuliko cha aina nyingine husababisha upungufu wa kile kidogo</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Viinilishe vya madini vinavyotakiwa ni pamoja na;</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="FI">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="FI">Majivu ya mifupa yaliyosagwa vizuri, unga uliosagwa wa magamba ya konokono wa baharini, konokono wa nchi kavu na maganda ya mayai yaliyochomwa . Kabla maganda ya mayai na nyumba za konokono havijatumika inashauriwa yachomwe moto mkali au yachemshwe ili kuua vijidudu vya maradhi.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Chumvi ya jikoni</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Madini yaliyotengenezwa viwandani kama vile Di-calcium phosphate</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Magadi (kilambo).</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> 4.      <b><u>Vyakula vya kulinda mwili</u></b><u>:</u></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <span lang="NO-BOK" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Kundi hili linajumuisha vyakula vya mbogamboga kama vile;</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NO-BOK">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="NO-BOK">Mchicha, samadi ya ng’ombe ambayo haijakaa muda mrefu baada ya kunyewa, mchicha pori, Chinese kabeji n.k.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NO-BOK">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="NO-BOK">na Mchanganyiko wa vitamini uliotengenezwa na viwanda vya madawa (vitamin premix).</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NO-BOK">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="NO-BOK">Jua ni muhimu katika kuhakikisha vitamini A na D zinatumika vizuri mwilini, kwahiyo banda ni lazima lijengwe kwa mtindo ambao unaruhusu mwanga kupita hasa nyakati za asubuhi na jioni.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NO-BOK">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="NO-BOK">Chakula cha kuku wanaofugwa ndani ni lazima kichanganywe na vitamini zinazotayarishwa viwandani.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <h2 style="line-height: 33px; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><b><span lang="NO-BOK">          <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com">KUCHANGANYA CHAKULA CHA KUKU</a>:</span></b><b><span lang="NO-BOK"></span></b></span></span></h2> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="NO-BOK" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Njia za kuchanganya chakula cha kuku;</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Kuna njia kuu mbili za kuchanganya chakula cha kuku, nazo ni;</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><b><span lang="ES-TRAD">Kuchanganya chakula kwa mashine</span></b><span lang="ES-TRAD">;</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">Njia hii hutumika viwandani kuchanganya chakula kwa ajili ya kuku wanaofugwa katika mashamba makubwa.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><b><span lang="ES-TRAD">Kuchanganya chakula majumbani (home made ration):<u> </u></span></b><span lang="ES-TRAD">Hii ni njia inayotumika kuchanganya chakula kwa ajili ya kulisha kundi dogo la kuku na njia ambayo inaweza kutumiwa na wafugaji wadogowadogo.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span lang="EN-GB">VIFAA; </span></b><span lang="EN-GB">Beleshi /koleo(spade), Turubai/sakafu safi, Viinilishe , Viroba/Magunia kwa ajili ya kuhifadhia chakula kilichochanganywa.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Chakula kilichochanganywa kinaweza kuwekwa katika uzani wa kilo 25-kilo 50, au kilo 100.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <span style="background-color: white; color: black;"></span><br /> <div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white; color: black;"><b><span lang="PL">               <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com"> MCHANGANUO WA VIINILISHE VYA CHAKULA CHA KUKU</a>:</span></b></span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black;"><b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KVOmFfEwVJE/X6c0ZcKIFMI/AAAAAAAABGo/XokHMzyADkQgC2T0VqEjZ3pDa-LOh_0pACLcBGAsYHQ/s244/chakula%2Bcha%2Bkuku2.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com" border="0" data-original-height="207" data-original-width="244" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KVOmFfEwVJE/X6c0ZcKIFMI/AAAAAAAABGo/XokHMzyADkQgC2T0VqEjZ3pDa-LOh_0pACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/chakula%2Bcha%2Bkuku2.png" title="LISHE YA KUKU NA KUCHANGANYA CHAKULA I Mshindo media" /></a></div><br /><span lang="PL"><br /></span></b></span></div> <span style="background-color: white; color: black;"> <div style="text-align: justify;"> </div> <b style="font-family: inherit;"><div style="text-align: justify;"> <b style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PL"> </span></b><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PL"></span></b><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></div> </b></span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><u><span lang="EN-GB">Aina ya chakula</span></u></b><b><span lang="EN-GB">                                   <u>kiasi</u></span></b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 51pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span lang="FI">i.<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">                    </span></span></b><b><span lang="FI">Vyakula vya kutia nguvu mwilini:</span></b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 69pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Pumba za mahindi            kilo   48</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 69pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">Pumba laini za mpunga    kilo   <u>26</u></span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">            Jumla                                            kilo <u>74</u></span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">  ii.            Vyakula cha kujenga mwili : </span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">                                       </span></span></b></div> <h2 style="line-height: 33px; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white; font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;">    Mashudu ya alizeti                                   kilo 18</span></span></h2> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">        Damu ya wanyama                                                                    kilo   1</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">        Mabaki ya samaki /dagaa                                                          <u>kilo   3</u></span></span></div> <h2 style="line-height: 33px; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;">          <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc183158371" style="text-decoration: none;"></a>Jumla                                              <u>kilo  22</u></span></span></b></h2> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="ES-TRAD" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">iii.Vyakula vya kuimarisha mifupa (Madini):</span></span></b></div> <ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1"> <li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">chumvi ya jikoni                                   kilo ½</span></span></li> <li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">chokaa(dicalciumphosphate)…            kilo 2</span></span></li> <li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">poultry premix/                  <span lang="EN-GB">                   kilo ½ </span></span></span></li> <li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> unga wa mifupa                                  <u>kilo 1</u></span></span></li> </ol> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">          Jumla                                                      <u>kilo 4</u></span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">  </span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="FI">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><b><span lang="FI">Mahitaji halisi ya viinilishe kwa muhtasari:</span></b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NO-BOK">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="NO-BOK">Vyakula kutia nguvu mwilini                             kilo 74</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="FI">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="FI">Vyakula vya kujenga mwili                              kilo 22</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="FI">Ø<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="FI">Vyakula vya kuimarisha mifupa (Madini)        <u>kilo 4</u></span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">  JUMLA                                                                        100</span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Jumla ya mchanganyiko wa vyakula                <u>kilo 100</u> </span></span></b></div> <h2 style="line-height: 33px; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc183158372" style="text-decoration: none;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc172516131" style="text-decoration: none;"><b><span lang="PL"> </span></b></a></span></h2> <h2 style="line-height: 33px; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><b><span lang="PL"></span></b><b><span lang="PL"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com">HATUA ZA KUCHANGANYA CHAKULA CHA KUKU</a></span></b><span lang="PL">:</span><b><u><span lang="PL"></span></u></b></span></span></h2> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">HATUA YA KWANZA:</span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Katika hatua ya kwanza utaanza kuchanganya vyakula vya madini</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Changanya , chokaa, chumvi na majivu ya mifupa pig mix vizuri - huu utauita mchanganyo Na.1</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">HATUA YA PILI:</span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Changanya mchanganyo huo na damu pamoja na samaki waliosagwa - huu utauita mchanganyo Na. 2</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> <b>HATUA YA TATU:</b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Mchanganyo Na.2 uchanganye na mashudu vizuri ambao utauita mchanganyo Na.3.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">HATUA YA NNE:</span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Mchanganyo Na.3 umwage juu ya rundo la pumba iliyochanganywa (pumba ya mahindi na pumba laini ya mpunga).</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PL">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><span lang="PL">Chukua beleshi /koleo safi lililo kavu na kulitumia kuchanganya rundo la chakula ili kusambaza viinilishe vizuri.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc172516132" style="text-decoration: none;"></a></span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com">Mambo ya kuzingatia katika kulisha na kutunza chakula cha kuku</a>:</span></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">a) Baada ya kuchanganya chakula kitawekwa kwenye viroba au magunia na kutunzwa ghalani (stoo) hadi pale kitakapohitajika kwa ajili ya kulisha kuku.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">b) Hakikisha kuku wanapata lishe kadri inavyopendekezwa na wataalamu.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">c)  Chakula kilichochanganywa ni lazima kiwekwe sehemu kavu ili kisiharibiwe na unyevunyevu kama vile kwenye chaga mabanzi yaliyotandazwa juu ya mawe yalipangwa vizuri</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">d)  Chakula kilichoharibika hakifai kulisha kuku kwani kinaweza kusababisha matatizo ya afya.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">d) Chakula kilichochanganywa kinatakiwa kisikae muda mrefu baada ya kutayarishwa.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <b><u><span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Vyakula vya ziada:</span></span></u></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Ili kuhakikisha kwamba kuku wanapata viinilishe vya kutosha kuku wanaweza kupewa mchwa na mafunza.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Vilevile vitu mbadala aina ya nafaka vinavyopatikana hutegemea sana aina ya mazao yanayolimwa katika eneo husika.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><u><span lang="PL"><i><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com">Mbinu za kuotesha mchwa na funza</a></i>: </span></u></b><span lang="PL">Funza na mchwa ni chakula kizuri na rahisi chenye viinilishe aina ya protini kwa kuku wanaofugwa kwa mfumo huria unaoboreshwa. Hata hivyo vyanzo hivi vya chakula cha protini huchangia tu vile ambavyo kuku wanatakiwa kupewa.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">a.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span lang="PT-BR">Inashauriwa uwape vifaranga hao funza na mchwa kwa sababu ndio wanaohitaji protini kwa kiasi kikubwa na cha kuaminika.</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Funza na mabuu yanaweza kuoteshwa kwa njia rahisi na kutumika kuboresha chakula cha vifaranga.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">      c)   Mafunza na mabuu yanaweza kuoteshwa kwa kutumia damu, viungo vya ndani ya tumbo la ng’ombe pamoja na samadi ya ng’ombe.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 17.25pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">d)   Chungu kijazwe maji theluthi moja ya ujazo wake, inzi watakuja na kutaga mayai katika mchanganyiko ambao mafunza walioteshwa wataanza kula mchanganyiko huo.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 17.25pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">e)   Baada ya hapo vitu hivi vyote vitachanganywa pamoja katika chungu kimoja kikubwa ambacho kitaachwa wazi wakati wa mchana na kufunikwa wakati wa usiku.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 17.25pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">f)    Siku tano baadaye maji yatajazwa kwenye mtungi huo na mafunza yatakusanywa wakiwa wanaelea juu. Baada ya kukusanya waoshe vizuri na maji halafu lisha kuku moja kwa moja.</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 17.25pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">g)   Kumbuka kuweka chungu kinachooteshwa mafunza kuweka mbali na maeneo ya watu ili kuepuka harufu inayoweza kusumbua watu.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc172516133" style="text-decoration: none;"></a></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 17.25pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <span style="background-color: white;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">                                                 <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com"> KULISHA KUKU</a>:</span></b><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR">  </span></b></span></div> <span style="background-color: white;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><div style="text-align: justify;"> <b style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="PT-BR"> </span></b><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></div> </span></span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> <b>Makadirio ya chakula cha kuwalisha vifaranga 100/siku moja:</b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; text-align: justify;"><tbody> <tr style="height: 38.8pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 38.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Umri (wiki baada ya kuzaliwa)</span></span></div> </td><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 38.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Idadi ya</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> vifaranga</span></span></div> </td><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 38.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Kiasi kinachotakiwa</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="PL" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Kwa siku moja(kilo)</span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height: 12.7pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">100</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height: 12.7pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">2</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">100</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height: 12.7pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">3</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">100</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">2</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height: 13.4pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 13.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">4</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 13.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">100</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 13.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">3</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height: 12.7pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">5</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">100</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">4</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height: 12.7pt;"><td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 161.625px;" valign="top" width="31%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">6</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 115.625px;" valign="top" width="22%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">100</span></span></div> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 245.625px;" valign="top" width="46%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">5</span></span></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <i><u><span lang="FI" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Maelezo kwa ufupi  kuhusu kulisha kuku:</span></span></u></i></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; text-align: justify;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="FI"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="FI">Ni vigumu kukadiria mahitaji ya chakula cha kuku wanaojitafutia chakula, lakini inakadiriwa kuwa kuku mmoja mkubwa wa uzito wa kilo 1-2 anahitaji chakula chenye uzani wa gramu 80-160 kwa siku kwa kuku wanofugwa ndani lakini wale kuku wanafugwa kwa mfumo wa huria nusu huria mahitaji yanakadiriwa kupungua hadi kufikia gramu 30-50 kwa siku .</span></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.8px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Ifahamike pia kuwa kiasi cha chakula hutegemea mahitaji kutokana na uzito na uzalishaji, mfano kuku anayetaga na anayekua wanahitaji chakula kingi zaidi ya wale ambao hawatagi au wamekoma kukua.</span></span></span></div> <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Hakikisha kuku wanawekewa chakula na maji safi kwenye vyombo safi na kubadilisha kila vitakapoisha</span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-GB">........................................................................................................................</span></span></span></div>

LISHE YA KUKU NA KUCHANGANYA CHAKULA I Mshindo media

  LISHE YA KUKU : Ili kuku waweze kuishi, kukua vizuri, kunenepa na kutaga mayai mengi ni lazima wale chakula kingi na chenye ubora u...

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Uwiano wa joto kwa Vifaranga I Mshindo Media

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/11/uwiano-wa-joto-kwa-vifaranga-i-mshindo.html" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/11/uwiano-wa-joto-kwa-vifaranga-i-mshindo.html" border="0" data-original-height="160" data-original-width="320" height="160" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8_QGGLLYgMk/X6WYMISkmQI/AAAAAAAAJj4/uJdqpWBY5EYjSvvL-AD9GpsCLXAS_IOrgCLcBGAsYHQ/w320-h160/vifaranga1.jpg" title="Vifaranga" width="320" /></a></div> <br />JOTO<br /> Joto ni muhimu kwa ajili ya uhai wa <a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/11/uwiano-wa-joto-kwa-vifaranga-i-mshindo.html">vifaranga</a>. Ni <br /> vyema joto la vifaranga likawa kama ifuatavyo:<br /><a href="https://www.mshindoveterinarycentre.com/2020/11/uwiano-wa-joto-kwa-vifaranga-i-mshindo.html">Wiki Joto (°C)</a>                                                                                                                                                           Wiki           Joto</div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;">1                  35</div></div></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;">2                  33</div></div><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;">3                  31</div></div><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;">4                  29<span style="text-align: left;"> </span><span style="text-align: left;"> </span></div></div></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;">5                  27</div></div></blockquote>Katika sehemu za joto, vifaranga watakuwa<br />katika joto kwa wiki 2 tu. Ikiwa huna kipima joto<br />unashauriwa uangalie tabia na mwenendo wa<br />vifaranga wako<br />1: Kama vifaranga wamechangamka na kunywa<br />maji vizuri na wametawanyika sehemu zote joto<br />linatosha<br />2. Kama joto halitoshi vifaranga hujikusanya<br />karibu na taa au jiko ama chungu cha joto ama<br />chemli au hujirundika sehemu moja. Hivyo<br />unashauriwa kuongeza joto kwa kuongezea idadi<br />ya vifaa au nguvu ya joto mfano umeme au mkaa<br />3. Ikiwa joto ni kali sana, utaona vifaranga<br />wanakaa mbali na chanzo cha joto, wanatanua<br /><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> mabawa, hulewa na kulala chini</div>...................................................................................................<br /><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br /></div>

Uwiano wa joto kwa Vifaranga I Mshindo Media

JOTO Joto ni muhimu kwa ajili ya uhai wa vifaranga . Ni vyema joto la vifaranga likawa kama ifuatavyo: Wiki Joto (°C)                    ...

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